The nuclear matter symmetry energy is a fundamental quantity that is important for studying the structure of systems as diverse as the atomic nucleus and neutron star. It is key to understanding some of the fundamental problems in astrophysics, such as, how elements are formed in stars? How stars explode into supernova? What kind of matter exist inside a neutron star? In nuclear physics studies, the structure of rare exotic nuclei that are currently being produced in many nuclear physics laboratory is also governed by the nuclear symmetry energy. In this presentation, I will discuss the role of nuclear symmetry energy in understanding the atomic nuclei and neutron stars along with some recent results from nuclear physics experiments.